Middle Ages

1: The viking were big and strong. They had the best ships.
Level 1

2: Christians
Level 1
 
3: Muslims fought the Christians in the Holy War. Jews were included because they were caught in the middle of the war.
Level 2

NERO

Nero is remembered as an ineffectual, neglectful, and a brutal leader. He was born on December 15th in 37 AD and died June 9th 68 AD. He was known as a child of Domitius. His father died of dropsy. After the father died his mom married his uncle. Nero took the throne at 17, and he had his mother killed because she was trying to control him. He was a very bad leader he was executing too much people and Christians. He is thought to start the great fire of Rome, so he could build a big new palace on the parts that burnt down. People did not like that so they revolted 68 AD, and he committed suicide because the senate was out to kill him.

SPARTACUS

1. WHO was Spartacus? A barbarion from Thrace. Also, a slave that was a roman gladiator, and he led a slave army. Around 100 BC he was born.
2. WHAT did he do? He fought in the arena as a gladiator, also he fought the roman invaders. He marched down to south of Italy fighting Roman cities.
3. WHY did he do it? He did it for freedom.
4. WHEN did it happen? 73-71 BC
   
5. WHERE did it happen? All over Italy.
6. HOW did it end? Spartacus got trapped by 3 Roman armies, and fought until he and his army all died.
7. WAS HE A HERO OR A VILLAIN? He was a Hero. He fought with a slave army that he created against the Roman armies for 2 years.

When in Rome

• Roman religion was influenced by the Greeks.

• They were dependent on slaves, and treated them well.  
• The Romans Triumphs were a celebration of the Rome leaders.
  

Conquest of the Roman Republic

• Who was Rome's enemy? (Describe the group of people and important leaders)  One of Rome's enemies were Carthage. They were a naval empire and Phonecian uniters. They conquered the Northern part of Africa and they were a coastal empire. They were a trading city, and they were ruled by a council of merchant princes.
• Why did it start? Because Rome was trying to conquer land that was already owned by the Carthaginians.
• Where and when did the wars take place? 264 BC on the island of Sicily
• How was geography a factor?Carthaginians had sea for better naval army. And Rome had land due to their strong military.
• What key events took place? (2-3) First battle in Sicily in 264 BC. In 218 BCE the second Punic war began.
• How was technology a factor?
• What tactics or strategies were used? The Carthaginians tried to keep battle at sea, and Rome tried to keep it at land.
• How did the end result impact both sides?

Rome Republic from slenhert

From Monarchy to Republic

A republic is a where someone is elected as there representative or president. The republic began in Rome when the monarch was destroyed because the king and his son were bad people. The son of the king raped a woman named Lucretia, and then she killed herself. So her husband and friends Brutus, Collatinus, and Valerius went and killed the son and the king fled. That was in 509 BC when this happened. Then they started to elect their leaders in Rome after all of that happened.

Geography of Rome

Why would Rome have been a good place to found a city?

Rome would have been good because it was next to a river and was very mountainous. They would be able to defend themselves easier on top of a mountain.

Why would the Italian Peninsula have been a good place to start an empire?

And it would be good place for an empire because it is a big coast in the Mediterranean They would be able to have a good navy. Also it would be easier for trade.

Pretest

PERSONAL GOAL: I want to learn about how they farmed and got their food.
3.1 - Differentiate Roman Republic from Roman Empire

• 4- Student is able to compare/contrast the rise, fall, leadership and defining characteristics of Rome's Republic and Empire
• 3- Student is able to describe the rise, fall, leadership and defining characteristics of Rome's Republic and/or Empire
• 2- Student is able to describe some of the rise, fall, leadership and defining characteristics of Rome's Republic and Empire
• 1- Student is able to identify some events, people, and characteristics of Rome's Republic or Empire

3.2 - Explain past and present impacts of Roman culture

• 4- Student is able to explain Roman culture and 2 or more impacts
• 3- Student is able to explain Roman culture and 1 impact
• 2- Student is able to describe Roman culture
• 1- Student is able to identify Roman culture

3.3 - Analyze factors in collapse of Western Roman Empire

• 4- Student is able to argue for a primary factor in collapse, compared to other contributing factors
• 3- Student is able to describe how multiple factors caused collapse
• 2- Student is able to identify multiple factors in collapse
• 1- Student is able to identify a factor in collapse

Essential Questions

1. When, where and how was Rome founded?
2. How was the government of the Roman Republic organized?
3. When and how did the Republic turn into an Empire?
4. How was the government of the Empire organized?
5. When, where, why, and how did the Romans expand?
6. What are Rome's greatest architectural and technological developments?
7. What was important in Roman culture?
8. Who were important Roman leaders?
9. What caused the collapse of the Roman Empire?
10. How did Rome alter history?
11. How does Rome affect us today?
12. What lessons can be learned from Roman history?

Primary Source Analysis

Author: The author was Thucydides, a wealthy Athenian General who was not bias. The point of view is 3rd person.
Place and time:The place and time was in Athens through 431 BC and 404 BC. It affects the meaning because he was there when it happened.
Prior knowledge: The pictures would help me understand the primary source. The people that I recognize are the Spartans and the Athenians.
Audience: It was written for the people in Greece that were there. And for other people that were interested in learning about the war. It affects the reliability because the people in Greece expierienced it too.
Reason: It was created to inform other people about the war. His motivation was that he was a general in it, so he wanted to write about it. I know because he wasn't biased.
The main idea: The main idea of the story is about the Peloponnesian war. It's conveying about how the Spartans won.
Significance: This source is important because the author tells us how the war really went, because he expierienced it. The inferences and conclusions i can draw from it are that Spartans and Athens had a very long war with fights around the coast, but Spartans come out on top.
"Upon this followed a sneezing and hoarseness, and not long after the pain, together with a mighty cough, came down into the breast"

Greco-Persian Wars

Persian Empire, Darius Xerses, Ionia, Marathon, Thermopylae, Athens, Sparta, Salamis, Plataea



In 499 BC, a great war began between Greek city states and the Persian Empire, ruled by Darius. Ionian Greek city states revolted against Persian rule, and Athens supported them. This caused King Darius to invade Greece in 490 BC, after putting down the earlier Ionian revolt. First, the Greeks defeated Persians at Marathon. Then, Greeks forces, led by Spartans and King Leonidas defended the pass at Thermopylae against the onslaught brought by king Xerses. They battled a much larger Persian army bravely, but ultimately were wiped out. The Persians then sacked and burned Athens down, then they went to fight the Greeks at the straight of Salamis. The Athens tricked the Persians to fight in the narrow straight, then they were routed by Greek warships that destroyed and then sunk them. Finally, the Greeks ended the war by beating the Persians at Plataea.

Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia was a widespread of area holding a lot of civilized areas. One of the places in Mesopotamia was Assyria. The Assyrians were very advanced when it came to war. They were stronger, had better weapons, and had better armor then most people. Mesopotamia was apart of the Assyrian empire, because they were so powerful. They attacked other foreign towns and conquered them. When that happens they get more wealth. There was also the Babylonia and http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MKs5Wvv1-14

Greeks

Early civilizations